鎳通常用于精煉，電鍍和焊接工業，并且在這種用鎳工業中溶液引起泄漏或者處理不當造成環境污染。由于經常接觸鎳和鎳化合物，會對生物造成各種問題，因為鎳具致突變性。雖然鎳有很多危害，但其化合物的生產至關重要，所以需要研究減少鎳從廢物流中輸入環境的方法。這次研究我們采用簡單碳化法從椰殼中制備的活性炭被不同的氧化劑氧化，即過氧化氫，過硫酸銨和硝酸等。通過Boehm和電位滴定和IR光譜表征未氧化和氧化后活性炭的表面。測試制備的活性炭通過間歇模式吸附實驗從水溶液中除去鎳離子的能力。氧化增加了活性炭上的表面酸性基團，從而使活性炭對鎳的親和力增加。

　　SUIRANYOUHENDUOZHONGWULIHUAXUECHULIBINGCHENGGONGDIYONGYUCONGWURANDEFEISHUIZHONGQUCHUNIEDENGZHONGJINSHU。DANSHIHUOXINGTANXIFUYIZHISHICONGSHUIZHONGQUCHUZHONGJINSHULIZIDEYOUQIANTUDEJISHU。JINGUANHUOXINGTANDEQUCHUXIAOLVZHUYAOQUJUEYUHUOXINGTANDEKONGJIEGOUHEZONGBIAOMIANJI，DANBIAOMIANDEHUAXUEXINGZHI(BIAOMIANGUANNENGTUANDEXINGZHIHEMIDU)ZAIQUCHULIZIHUOJIXINGWUZHIZHONGSHIZHIGUANZHONGYAODE。

　　活性炭吸附劑的制成

　　XUANZEYEKEWEIHUOXINGTANDEYUANLIAO，TONGGUOZAIMAFULUZHONGZAI400℃DEWENDUXIAJIANGYEKETANHUA1XIAOSHILAIZHIBEITANHUALIAO。JIANGQIYANMO，SHAIFENDEDAOCHICUNWEI150-250μmDEKELI。YONGSHUANGZHENGSHUIXIDI，ZUIHOUZAI120℃DEKONGQIHONGXIANGZHONGGANZAOGUOYE，YIBEIJINYIBUSHIYONG。JINGGUONONGXIAOSUAN，GUOYANGHUAQINGHEGUOLIUSUANANYANGHUAZHICHENGHUOXINGTAN。ZAIFANYINGSHIJIANZHIHOU，FENLIHUOXINGTANBINGXIDIJITIANLAICHUQUGUOLIANGDESHIJI。

　　活性炭表面的化學特征

　　TONGGUOBoehmDIDINGFAPINGGUZHIBEIDEHUOXINGTANYONGYUCEDINGSUANXINGHEJIANXINGGUANNENGTUAN。SUANXINGWEIDIANTONGGUOYONGNaOHDIDINGHEJIANXINGWEIDIANYONGHClCEDING。JINXINGDIANWEIDIDINGYIFAXIANBIAOMIANSUANDUCHANGSHUHELINGDIANDIANHEpHZHIpHZPC。HUOXINGTANDEYANGLIZIJIAOHUANRONGLIANGYOUTAMENCONGSHUIRONGYEZHONGJIAOHUANFUHEWUDENENGLIJUEDING。

　　批量吸附實驗

　　DUIYUPINGHENGXIFUYANJIU，JIANG50mLHANYOUNIEDEHECHENGFEISHUIYUSUOXULIANGDEHUOXINGTANHUNHE，JIANGJIANGYEZAIJIXIEZHENDANGQIZHONGZHENDANG2XIAOSHI，BINGSHIYONGLVZHIGUOLV。RANHOUFENXIGUOLVDEYANGPINDEWEIXIFUDENIENONGDU。YONGHClHUOXIHNO3XISHIJINXINGpHDIAOJIE。SHIYONGJUYOUZUHEBOLIHEGANGONGDIANJIDEpHJI。XIFURONGLIANGMEIKEXIFUJIJIAZAIDEJINSHULIZILAIJISUAN。

　　化學表征結果

　　XUANZEYONGYUGAIXINGHUOXINGTANBIAOMIANDESHIJIDOUSHIYANGHUAJI，MUDESHIZENGJIABIAOMIANGUANNENGTUANDEMIDU。CONGGAIXINGHUOXINGTANDEHUAXUEBIAOZHENGJIEGUOKEYIKANCHU，GAIRENWUCHENGGONGSHIXIAN。CONGTU1ZHONGKEYIKANCHU，CONGHUOXINGTANHEJIZHONGYANGHUADEHUOXINGTANDONGDESUANDUYIXIANGTONGDESHUNXUZENGJIA。SUANDUZENGJIASHIYOUYUCUNZAISUOJI，FENLEIDENGSUANXINGJITUAN。

　　TU1：YANGHUADUIHUOXINGTANBIAOMIANDIANHEDEYINGXIANG。

　　活性炭對鎳的吸附

　　YONGHUOXINGTANHEGAIXINGHUOXINGTANJINXINGPINGHENGXIFUSHIYAN，YIPINGGUTAMENSHIYONGHECHENGDENIEFEISHUICONGSHUIXINGJIEZHIZHONGCHUQUERJIANIEDENENGLI。TONGGUOYONG0.1gHUOXINGTANYU50mLNONGDUFANWEIWEI10mg/LZHI250mg/LDENi(II)RONGYEPINGHENGJINXINGSHIYAN，JIEGUOXIANSHIZAITU2ZHONG。HUOXINGTANDEMEIKEXIFURONGLIANGZHIANYIXIASHUNXUZENGJIA：HUOXINGTAN>GUOYANGHUAQING>LIUSUANAN>NONGXIAOSUAN。YANGHUAHUOXINGTANDERONGLIANGZENGJIASHIYOUYUCUNZAIDALIANGSUANXINGJITUAN，QIKEYIYUSHUIRONGYEZHONGCUNZAIDEYANGLIZINIEJIAOHUANTAMENDEZHIZI。

　　TU2：NIEZAIHUOXINGTANSHANGDEXIFUDENGWENXIAN。

　　TONGGUOpHBIANHUAYANJIUJINYIBUZHENGSHILEBIAOMIANJITUANZAICHUQUNIEZHONGDEZUOYONG。XIFUSHOUpHDEQIANGLIEYINGXIANG，RUTU3SUOSHI。DUIYUGAOYUGAIpHDENi(II)CHENDIANWU，JINZAIpHZHIWEI7SHIJINXINGYANJIU。ZAIGAOpHXIAJIAOGAODEXIFUNENGLISHIYOUYUYANGHUAHUOXINGTANDEBIAOMIANGUANNENGTUANLIZIHUA，DAOZHIDUIDAIZHENGDIANDENi 2+LIZIJUYOUGENGDADEBAOCHILI。

　　TU3：pHDUIHUOXINGTANXIFUNIEDEYINGXIANG。

　　TONGGUOSHIYONGGUOYANGHUAQING，GUOLIUSUANANHEXIAOSUANGAIXINGHUOXINGTANXIANZHUTIGAOLENIEDEBAOLIUXING。TONGGUOXIAOSUANGAIXING，HUOXINGTANDEZUIDAXIFURONGLIANGZENGJIADAO30%。NIEZAIYANGHUADEHUOXINGTANSHANGDEXIFUCHENGDUDEZENGJIASHIYOUYUZAIYANGHUAGUOCHENGZHONGCHANSHENGDEBIAOMIANSUANXINGJITUAN。

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